Valves are the core control components in fluid delivery systems and key devices ensuring the stable operation of various pipelines, vessels and industrial systems, widely known as the "throat" of pipeline systems. By controlling the movement of opening and closing elements, they achieve precise regulation of diverse media such as liquids, gases, slurries and powders. Valves integrate multiple functions including on-off control, flow regulation, pressure control, flow direction switching, check and pressure relief, as well as safety protection, making them indispensable basic industrial products in petrochemical, electric power, municipal water affairs, metallurgy and mining, HVAC, shipbuilding, pharmaceutical and many other fields.